5mC interactions in PDB entry 4R2S auto-curated with SNAP

Last updated on 2019-09-30 by Xiang-Jun Lu <xiangjun@x3dna.org>. The block schematics were created with DSSR and rendered using PyMOL.


Summary information and primary citation [schematics · contacts · top · homepage · tutorial]

PDB-id
4R2S
Class
DNA binding protein-DNA
Method
X-ray (2.49 Å)
Summary
Wilms tumor protein (wt1) q369p zinc fingers in complex with methylated DNA
List of 2 5mC-amino acid contacts:
  1. B.5CM9: stacking-with-A.ARG366 is-WC-paired is-in-duplex [+]:GcG/cGC
  2. C.5CM3: other-contacts is-WC-paired is-in-duplex [-]:cGT/AcG
direct SNAP output · DNAproDB 2.0
Reference
Hashimoto, H., Olanrewaju, Y.O., Zheng, Y., Wilson, G.G., Zhang, X., Cheng, X.: (2014) "Wilms tumor protein recognizes 5-carboxylcytosine within a specific DNA sequence." Genes Dev., 28, 2304-2313.
Abstract
In mammalian DNA, cytosine occurs in several chemical forms, including unmodified cytosine (C), 5-methylcytosine (5 mC), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5 hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5 fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5 caC). 5 mC is a major epigenetic signal that acts to regulate gene expression. 5 hmC, 5 fC, and 5 caC are oxidized derivatives that might also act as distinct epigenetic signals. We investigated the response of the zinc finger DNA-binding domains of transcription factors early growth response protein 1 (Egr1) and Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1) to different forms of modified cytosine within their recognition sequence, 5'-GCG(T/G)GGGCG-3'. Both displayed high affinity for the sequence when C or 5 mC was present and much reduced affinity when 5 hmC or 5 fC was present, indicating that they differentiate primarily oxidized C from unoxidized C, rather than methylated C from unmethylated C. 5 caC affected the two proteins differently, abolishing binding by Egr1 but not by WT1. We ascribe this difference to electrostatic interactions in the binding sites. In Egr1, a negatively charged glutamate conflicts with the negatively charged carboxylate of 5 caC, whereas the corresponding glutamine of WT1 interacts with this group favorably. Our analyses shows that zinc finger proteins (and their splice variants) can respond in modulated ways to alternative modifications within their binding sequence.

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List of 2 5mC-amino acid contacts [summary · schematics · top · homepage · tutorial]

No. 1 B.5CM9: download PDB file for the 5mC entry
stacking-with-A.ARG366 is-WC-paired is-in-duplex [+]:GcG/cGC
No. 2 C.5CM3: download PDB file for the 5mC entry
other-contacts is-WC-paired is-in-duplex [-]:cGT/AcG